Table of contents

  Title Authors Country of authors
  Foreword Richard Forman USA
1 The ecological effects of linear infrastructure and traffic: challenges and opportunities of rapid global growth Rodney van der Ree, Daniel J. Smith and Clara Grilo Australia, USA, Portugal
Road planning, design and construction
2 Bad roads, good roads William F Laurance Australia
3 Why keep areas road free? The importance of roadless areas Nuria Selva, Adam Switalski, Stefan Kreft, Pierre L. Ibisch Germany, USA, Colombia
4 Incorporating biodiversity issues into road design: the road agency perspective Kevin Roberts and Anders Sjolund Australia, Sweden
5 Improving environmental impact assessment and road planning at the landscape scale Jochen A G Jaeger Canada
6 What transportation agencies need in environmental impact assessments and other reports to minimise ecological impacts Josie Stokes Australia
7 Principles underpinning biodiversity offsets and guidance on their use Yung En Chee Australia
8 Construction of roads and mitigation measures: pitfalls and opportunities Cam Weller Australia
9 Ensuring the completed road project is designed, built and operates as intended Rodney van der Ree, Steve Tonjes and Cam Weller Australia, USA
Research, monitoring and maintenance
10 Good science and experimentation are needed in road ecology Rodney van der Ree, Jochen Jaeger, Trina Rytwinski, Edgar van der Grift Australia, Canada, Netherlands
11 Field methods to evaluate the impact of roads on wildlife Daniel J. Smith and Rodney van der Ree USA
12 Case study: A robust method to obtain defendable data on wildlife mortality Eric Guinard, Roger Prodon and Christophe Barbraud France
13 Road-wildlife mitigation planning can be improved by identifying the patterns and processes associated with wildlife-vehicle collisions Kari Gunson and Fernanda Zimmerman Canada, Brazil
14 Incorporating landscape genetics into road ecology Paul Sunnucks and Nikko Balkenhol Australia, Germany
15 Evaluating use of crossing structures Edgar van der Grift, Rodney van der Ree Netherlands, Australia
16 Guidelines for evaluating the effectiveness of road mitigation measures Edgar van der Grift, Jochen Jaeger, Rodney van der Ree Netherlands, Canada, Australia
17 How to maintain safe and effective mitigation measures Rodney van der Ree and Steve Tonjes Australia, USA
Impacts and mitigation
18 Understanding and mitigating the negative effects of road lighting on ecosystems Bradley Blackwell, Thomas Seamans and Travis deVault USA
19 Ecological impacts of road noise and options for mitigation Kirsten Parris Australia
20 Fencing: a valuable tool for reducing wildlife vehicle collisions and funnelling fauna to crossing structures Rodney van der Ree, Jeff Gagnon, Daniel J. Smith Australia, USA,
21 Wildlife crossing structures Daniel J. Smith, Rodney van der Ree, Carme Rosell USA, Australia, Spain
22 Recreational co-use of wildlife crossing structures Rodney van der Ree, Edgar van der Grift Australia, Netherlands
23 Predator-prey interactions at wildlife crossing structures: between myth and reality Cristina Mata, Roberta Bencini, Brian Chambers, Juan Malo Spain, Australia
24 Wildlife warning signs aimed at reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions Marcel Huijser, Christa Mosler-Berger, Mattias Olsson, Martin Strein USA, Switzerland, Germany, Sweden
25 Use of wildlife warning reflectors and whistles to prevent wildlife-vehicle collisions Gino D’Angelo and Rodney van der Ree USA, Australia
26 Ecological effects of railways on wildlife Benjamin Dorsey, Mattias Olsson, Lisa Rew Canada, Sweden
27 Impacts of utility and other linear corridors on wildlife A. David M. Latham and Stan Boutin New Zealand, Canada
Fauna and landscape issues
28 The impacts of roads and traffic on terrestrial animal populations Trina Rytwinski and Lenore Fahrig Canada
29 Insects, snails and spiders: the role of invertebrates in road ecology Heinrich Reck and Rodney van der Ree Germany, Australia
30 Case Study: Protecting Christmas Island’s iconic red crabs from vehicles Rob Muller and Mike Misso Australia
31  Making a safe leap forward – mitigating road impacts on amphibians Andrew J Hamer, Thomas E S Langton, David Lesbarreres Australia, UK, Canada
32 Reptiles: Overlooked but often at risk from roads Kimberley Andrews, Tom Langen, Richard Struijk USA, Netherlands
33 Flight doesn’t solve everything: mitigation of road impacts on birds Angie Kociolek, Sandra Jacobson, Clara Grilo USA, Portugal
34 Bats and roads Isobell Abott, Markus Melber, John Altringham, Anna Berthinussen, Martijn Boonman, Emma Stone UK, Ireland, Germany, Netherlands
35 Carnivores: struggling for survival in roaded landscapes Clara Grilo, Daniel J. Smith and Nina Klar Portugal, USA, Germany
36 Case study: Roads and jaguars in the Mayan forests Eugenia Pallares, Carlos Manterola, Dalia A. Conde, Fernando Colchero Denmark, Mexico
37 Case study: Finding the middle road: grounded approaches to mitigate highway impacts in tiger reserves Sanjay Gubbi and H.C. Poornesha India
38 Case study: African wild dogs and the fragmentation menace Brendan Whittington-Jones, Harriet Davies- Mostert South Africa
39 Roads, traffic and verges: big problems and big opportunities for small mammals Fernando Ascensao, Scott LaPoint and Rodney van der Ree USA, Spain, Australia
40 Reducing road impacts on tree-dwelling animals Kylie Soanes and Rodney van der Ree Australia
41 Case study: Canopy bridges for primate conservation Andrea Donaldson, Pamela Cunneyworth Kenya
42 Transportation and large herbviores Patricia Cramer, Mattias Olsson, Michelle Gadd, Leonard E. Sielecki, Rodney van der Ree USA, Canada, Australia, Sweden
43 Case study: The Mt Kenya elephant corridor and underpass Susie Weeks Kenya
44 Form and function: a more natural approach to infrastructure, fish and stream habitats Paul Wagner USA
45 Mitigating impacts of roads and traffic on fish Matt Blank and Fabrice Ottburg USA, Netherlands
46 The function and management of roadside vegetation Suzanne J. Milton, Richard Dean, Leonard E. Sielecki, Rodney van der Ree South Africa, Canada, Australia
Regional issues
47 Roads in the arid lands – issues, challenges and potential solutions Enhua Lee, Dave Croft, Tamar Achiron Australia, Israel
48 Road ecology in an urbanising world Darryl Jones, Hans Bekker and Rodney van der Ree Australia, Netherlands
49 Tropical ecosystem vulnerability and climatic conditions: particular challenges for road planning, construction and maintenance Miriam Goosem Australia
50 The influence of economics, politics and environment on road ecology in South America Alex Bager, Carlos Borghi and Helio Secco Brazil, Argentina
51 Highway construction as a force of destruction in the Amazon forest Phillip Fearnside Brazil
52 Road ecology in South India: Issues and mitigation options Seshadri K.S. and Ganesh T India
53 Planning roads through sensitive Asian landscapes: Regulatory issues, ecological implications and challenges for decision-making Asha Rajavanshi and Vinod Mathur India
54 Setjhaba sa, South Afrika: a South African perspective of an emerging transport infrastructure Wendy Collinson, Harriet Davies-Mostert, Dan Parker, Clare Patterson-Abrolat, Graham Alexander South Africa
55 Unfenced reserves, unparalleled biodiversity, and a rapidly-changing landscape: roadways and wildlife in East Africa Clinton W. Epps, Katarzyna Nowak, Benezeth M. Mutayoba USA, Tanzania
56 Expected effects of a road across the Serengeti Michelle E. Gadd USA
57 China: building and managing a massive road and rail network and protecting our rich biodiversity Yun Wang, Yaping Kong
Jiding Chen		 China
58 Railways, roads and fences across Kazakhstan and Mongolia threaten the survival of wide-ranging wildlife Kirk Olson and Rodney van der Ree Mongolia, Australia
Communicating and networking
59 Best practise manuals and guidelines Marguerite Trocme Switzerland
60 Case study: The role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and advocates in reducing the impacts of roads on wildlife Patricia A. White USA
61 Case study: Building a community of practise for road ecology Paul Wagner and Andreas Seiler USA, Sweden
62  Wildlife and roadkill observation and reporting systems Fraser Shilling, Sarah Poerkins and Wendy Collinson USA, UK, South Africa